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原文：
As a fluid transfer valve components, with the national economy, particularly in the national coal chemical industry and equipment manufacturing industries. Liquid-solid two-phase flow, new demands on the valves: high temperature, high pressure, abrasion, corrosionButterfly Valves and erosion, thermal cycle and zero leakage. In this way, metal sealing ball valve will be rapid development. A 77.3 output 500 million over the valve manufacturer, accounting for about 70% of output valves. According to the Chinese Valve Association statistics, in 2005, 773 enterprises in total annual sales of 25.935 billion yuan, the valve can be presumed to 2005, output value of 36.144 billion yuan nationwide. And funding exploration over 20 experts to visit China in 2010 in accordance with their valves to 6.736 billion yuan in total sales. China's customs statistics, total exports in 2005 valve 7.60 billion. Valve in 2010 exports amounted to 2.009 billion U.S. dollars. 7005 afternoon, the total amount of 2.259 billion U.S. dollars of imports. Valve in 2010 amounted to 3.632 billion U.S. dollars of imports. China's National Bureau of Statistics in 2005 the total domestic demand for valve 6.169 billion U.S. Plug Valves dollars (domestic sales + imports - exports). Valve in 2010 the total demand for 11.46 billion U.S. dollars. In 2005, the ball's demand of about 20% of the total demand, that is 1,233,000,000 U.S. dollars, the total demand in 2010 is expected to 23%, or 2.52 billion U.S. dollars. Demand for metal sealing ball valve demand by 10% estimate, about 960 million yuan in 2005, 2010, the annual demand expected to grow to 1.96 billion yuan. Valve industry is an important branch of our general machinery. Their products as the key to fluid control devices are widely used in petroleum, chemical, metallurgy, electric power, urban construction and environmental protection industries. At present, the valveBalance Valves manufacturing industry is in a very favorable development opportunity (1) sustainable economic development. Investment in fixed assets and gradually expand. In particular the works of several centuries, "natural gas" "West to East", "South" and started the project requires a lot of valve products matching; (2) With the accession of WTO, international trade, lower the threshold and developed countries to adjust product structure, China is becoming the world's largest plant of this trend appeared manufacture valve products face even greater space for development. So how to seize the strategic opportunity to accelerate the valve industry. Industry professionals were analyzed from the following aspects: First, actively promote the consolidation and reorganization among enterprises, as soon as possible to create a group of grade scale enterprise group. Valve industry currently produces about 5,000 companies with annual sales income over 5 million in just seven, more than one million three, 200 million yuan more than the business one does not. Domestic market share of only one enterprise of nuclear Soviet valves were more than 2% remaining below 1%. This enterprise scale is difficult to produce in the market shock force, and internationally known companies with the competitive industry even more difficult. To change this situation as soon as possible, growth factors, in addition to the enterprises themselves, the most effective way is through the joint between enterprises, mergers, and restructuring to achieve corporate expansion capital to further expand market share, stand in the competition unbeaten. This is more popular in today's international economic practices, but also the future direction of development of the industry during theNeedle & Gauge Valves valve problem. To emancipate the mind on this issue, in accordance with the loudly proposes "new breakthroughs in reform, development of new thinking" demands to break the district boundaries, to break the boundaries of ownership, to break the boundaries of the traditional division of labor. As long as there are joint enterprises may be bold to try to do, with 3-5 years and strive to create value more than 500 million and even some 1 billion yuan of enterprise groups. Second, we must attach importance to the adjustment of product structure, bold innovation, research and development of high value-added products and international leading level. China's valve industry is now able to produce more than a dozen categories of products. Such as gate valve, globe valve, ball valves, butterfly valve, safety valve, check valve, throttle valves, plug valves, pressure reducing valve, diaphragm valve, trap, emergency shut-off valve, the maximum use temperature of 570 ℃, the lowest - 196 ℃, the highest pressure 600MPa, the maximum diameter 5350MM. Despite the strong support of these products in domestic economic construction, but should be clear that most of our products are generally technical content or labor-intensive products, few have the international advanced level. Under the recent natural gas line bidding, all of our valve business is an unfortunate fact of losing. Painful as the experience. National industry to revitalize the valve industry in the development of technological innovation will certainly be implemented, the adjustment of product structure, we must dare to high technology research and development, working with the international advanced level and high added value products such as valves control valves and automatic valves class control valve, three broad confluence, three shunt valve, safety valve; ball type metal seal all welded, large diameter valves high parameter; and supercritical C12-A power plant steel valves. The implementation of technology innovation research and development of new products a couple of choices, one through, and academic research institutions, such as the recent Kaifeng High Pressure Valve Plant and affiliated Chinese Academy of Sciences, "3D" companies to develop the power plant boiler main steam valve is an Cast Steel Valves international leader in level of product, its "pressure drop" much lower than international standards, in the power plant industry has a very prospects; Second, foreign cooperation or technology transfer in the form of Zigong High Pressure Valve Co., the company's cooperation with the Italian Xin Bilun to shorten our ball valve products in the gap with foreign countries. In addition to these practices, qualified enterprises can be developed independently.
原文来自： http://www.nytimes.com/1981/12/26/opinion/escape-valve.html

CHELSEA OIL LEAK LINKED TO TAMPERING WITH VALVES;是由上海日美阀门制造有限公司提供的阀门新闻，中文译文仅供参考，以下提供站内导航搜索：

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译文：阀门流体输送的组件
阀门作为一个流体输送的组件，随着国民经济，特别是国家煤化工产业和装备制造业的发展。液一固二相流中，对阀门提出新的要求：高温、高压、耐磨、耐腐蚀、耐冲刷、抗热循环和零泄漏。这样，金属密封球阀将获得快速发展。有77.3家产值500万元以上的阀门制造厂，约占全国阀门总产值的70%。根据闸阀中国阀协统汁，2005年773家企业的年销售总额为259.35亿元，可推定2005全国阀门产值为361.44亿元。并对20余位资探专家进行访问，按照他们预测2010年中国阀门年销售总额为67.36亿元。对中国海关统计，2005年阀门出口总额为7.60亿美元。预测2010年阀门出口总额为20.09亿美元。7005午，进口总额22.59亿美元。预测 2010年阀门进口总额为36.32亿美元。中国国家统计局统计2005年国内对阀门的总需求量为61.69亿美元（国内销售收人+进口额-出口额）。预测2010年阀门的总需求量为114.60亿美元。 2005年，球阀的需求量约为总需求量的20%，即12.33亿美元，2010年预计占总需求量23%，即25.20亿美元。其中金属密封球阀需求量按球阀需求量10%估算，2005年约9.6亿元，2010年预计增长至年需求量19.6亿元。阀门行业是我们通用机械重要分支。其产品做为流体控制的关键设备广泛用于石油、化工、冶金、电力、城建、环保等行业。当前，阀门生产行业正处于一个非常有利的发展时机，（1）经济持续发展。固定资产投资逐步扩大。尤其是几项世纪工程“西气东输”“西电东送”“南水北调”等项目的开工需要大量的阀门产品配套；（2）随着WTO的加入，国际贸易门坎降低以及发达国家调整产品结构，中国调节阀正逐渐成为世界上最大的加工厂这一趋势的显现，阀门产品的加工制作面临更大的发展空间。那么如何抓住这一战略机遇，加快阀门行业的发展。业内专业人士从以下几个方面作了分析：一、积极推进企业间的联合重组，尽快打造一批有规模上档次的企业集团。阀门行业目前生产企业约有5000多家，年销售收入超过5千万的仅有7家，超过一个亿的3家，2亿元以上的企业一家没有。国内市场占有率也只有中核苏阀一家企业超过2％其余均在1％以下。这种企业规模难以在市场上产生震憾力，与同行业国际知名企业的竞争就更加困难。要尽快改变这种现状，除了企业自身生长因素外，最有效的方法就是通过企业间的联合、兼并、重组来实现企业的资本扩张从而进一步扩大市场占有，在竞争中立于不败。这是当今国际经济领域比较流行的做法，也是今后一个时期阀门行业发展的方向性问题。在这一问题上要解放思想，按照十六大提出的“改革要有新突破，发展疏水阀要有新思路”的要求打破地区界线，打破所有制界线，打破传统的专业分工界线。企业间只要有联合的可能就可以大胆去做去尝试，用3-5年的时间力争打造出若干产值超过5亿乃至10亿元的企业集团。二、要重视产品结构的调整，勇于技术创新，研制开发高附加值及国际领先水平产品。我国阀门行业目前已经能生产十几大类产品。如闸阀、截止阀、球阀、蝶阀、安全阀、止回阀、节流阀、旋塞阀、减压阀、隔膜阀、疏水阀、紧急切断阀等，最高使用温度570℃，最低-196℃、最高压力600MPa，最大通径5350MM。尽管这些产品有力支援了国内经济建设，但是应该清醒看到我们的产品大都属于一般技术含量或劳动密集型产品，很少具有国际领先水平。最近西气东输主管线招标，我们阀门企业全部落败就是一个令人遗憾的事实。痛定思痛。民族工业要振兴阀门行业要发展就一定要实施技术创新，调整安全阀产品结构，要勇于研制开发技术含量高、劳动附加值高具有国际领先水平的阀门产品如控制阀门和自动阀门类的调节阀，三通合流阔、三通分流阀，安全阀；球阀类的金属硬密封全焊接，高参数大口径阀；以及电站超临界C12-A合金钢阀门。实施技术创新研究开发新产品有几条路，一是通过和院校科研机构合作，如最近开封高压阀门厂和中科院下属的“三维”公司合作开发的电站锅炉主蒸气隔膜阀调节阀就是具有国际领先水平的产品，其“压力降”大大低于国际标准，在电站行业具有非常前景；二是国外合作或技术引进的形式，自贡高压阀门有限公司与意大利辛比伦公司的合作就缩短了我们在球阀产品上与国外的差距。除了上述做法，有条件的企业可以独立研制开发。

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