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原文：
ATLANTA, Nov. 8— Scientists hoping to create replacement parts that work more like the real thing say they have for the first time grown heart valves from a sampling of cells in a test tube. The approach, tissue engineering, has been tested Bellows Seal Valves only on animals and will probably not be ready for human testing for several years. If it works as hoped, scientists say, it will be possible to grow new valves that are better and more durable than the mechanical and animal valves routinely used today. ''What's exciting is the possibility of making valves that are exactly like our own,'' said Dr. Valentin M. Fuster of Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York. ''That's the potential here.'' Experiments have been done on lambs with valves grown at Children's Hospital in Boston by Dr. Simon Hoerstrup, who described the results on Sunday at the annual scientific meeting of the American Heart Association. Six animals have had the new valves for about five months. More time is needed to evaluate how the valves would hold up over a lifetime, but they seem to be working without the need for blood thinners to prevent clots, although there has been some leakage of blood back through the opening covered by the valves, Dr. Hoerstrup said. Because they are made from the patient's own cells, the valves could have at least two major advantages: they will grow as the recipient does, and they will work without the need of blood-thinning drugs. Heart valves open and shut so blood will flow in only one Plug Valves direction through the heart. When they deteriorate or leak, surgeons replace them either with mechanical valves -- made from metal, ceramics, plastic and other materials -- or valves taken from pigs and other animals. Neither kind is ideal. Animal valves tend to wear out and need replacement. The mechanical ones, while more durable, can lead to blood clots, so recipients must taking blood-thinning drugs, which can cause unwanted bleeding. To make valves ''from scratch,'' scientist start by removing cells from a lamb's artery and growing a mass of the cells in a test tube. Next, they use biodegradable polymers to create a valve-shaped scaffolding. Then they attach the cells to the Instrumentation Ball Valves scaffolding. Within two weeks in a nutrient-rich culture, the cells multiply and completely envelop the scaffolding, which later decays.
原文来自： http://www.nytimes.com/1999/11/09/health/advance-in-growing-valves-for-heart.html

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亚特兰大，11月8日 - 科学家们希望创造备件，更像是真正的工作，说他们的成长，从抽样的细胞在试管中心脏瓣膜的第一次。这种方法，组织工程，已经过测试只在动物大概不会是几年来为人类的测试。如果它希望工程，科学家说，将有可能增加新的水掣，更好，更不是惯例中使用的机械和动物阀门耐用。 ''令人兴奋的是使水掣，而像我们自己完全有可能，瓦连京博士说''米富思特的西奈山医疗中心在纽约举行。 ''这就是潜力。'' 实验已经完成与在波士顿儿童医院的医生西蒙增长Hoerstrup，谁描述年度美国心脏协会科学会议上周日的结果阀羔羊。六动物有大约5个月新的阀门。需要更多的时间来评估一下阀门将举行一生，但他们似乎没有必要血液稀释剂，以防止血栓的工作，虽然已经通过了阀门，涵盖博士打开某些血液渗漏回。Hoerstrup说。因为他们是从患者自身的细胞制成，阀门可以至少有两大优势：他们成长为收件者，他们将工作没有需要的血液稀释药物。心脏瓣膜开启和关闭，使血液将只在一个方向流过心脏。当他们恶化或泄漏，外科医生可以替换他们与机械阀门 - 从金属，陶瓷，塑料等材料制成的 - 或从猪和其他动物采取的阀门。无论什么是理想的。动物阀门往往磨损，需要更换。机械的，而更耐用，可导致血液凝块，所以人必须服用血液稀释药物，这会导致不必要的流血。要从头阀门''，''通过从一只羊的动脉细胞的速度增加，在试管中的细胞大规模科学家开始。下一步，他们使用可生物降解聚合物创建阀型脚手架。然后，他们重视了细胞的脚手架。在两个星期的营养丰富的培养，细胞繁殖，完全包围着脚手架，后来衰变。