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原文
Leading causes of damage to the valve sealing surface Mechanical damage, the sealing surface in the open and close over we will produce abrasions, bruising, crushing and other damage. Between the two sealing surfaces, high temperature and pressure under the effect of atomic interpenetration exudation, resulting in adhesion phenomena. When moving between the two sealing surfaces, adhesion at pull easily tear. The higher the degree of surface sealing surface coarse and heavy, this phenomenon is more easily occur. Regulating valve in a closed process, the valve flap in the back seat will be bumps in the process of crushing and sealing surface to seal the surface produce localized wear or indentation. Medium erosion, it is the media activities of the sealing surface wear, wash, cavitation results. Medium at a certain speed, medium fine-grained pelagic sealing surface violated conflict to cause local damage, high-speed direct media activities flushing sealing surface to cause local damage, mixed media and local vaporization, the bubble burst produced angry the impact surface of the sealing surface, causing local damage. Medium erosion combined with chemical erosion alternation, would be a strong erosion of the sealing surface. Electrochemical corrosion, the sealing surface contact with each other, the sealing surface and closed the valve body and the concentration of media exposure and poor, because poor oxygen concentration, will have a potential difference, the occurrence of electrochemical corrosion, resulting in the anode side of the sealing surface erosion. The chemical erosion of media, media near the sealing surface does not produce current in the case of medium directly with the sealing surface chemical reaction, erosion of the sealing surface. Installation errors and poor maintenance led to the sealing surface is not working properly, the valve operation sick, premature damage to the sealing surface. Improper selection and manipulation of the damage caused by bad. Mainly in the absence of the prerequisite conditions selected by the valve, the shut-off valve when the throttle use, leading to closure than the pressure and closed too fast or too strict closure, the sealing surface by erosion and wear. Sealing surface processing of poor quality, mainly in the sealing surface cracks, holes and other defects clip ballast, because the improper selection of welding and heat treatment specifications and the welding and heat treatment process control caused by poor, hard sealing surface through the high or too low, because the selection differences caused by error or improper heat treatment, uneven sealing surface hardness, impatience erosion, mainly because of the metal in the welding process will be blown to the top to the bottom, and dilute the sealing surface caused by the alloy composition of. Of course, there is also the subject of design. Sealing surface damage caused by reasons can be summarized as the following few. Some causes of damage the sealing surface is damaged and natural damage two. Man-made damage, because of ill-designing, manufacturing is not fine, improper selection, installation is not correct, use the good and poor maintenance caused by such factors. Natural damage, the valve wear and tear under normal operating conditions, the medium on the sealing surface erosion and the inevitable erosion and other damage.
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译文：
机械损伤，密封面在开闭过咱中会产生擦伤、碰伤、挤伤等损坏。两密封面之间，在高温高压的作用下发生原子相互渗透渗出，产生粘连现象。当两密封面相互移动时，粘连处轻易拉撕。密封面表面粗拙度越高，这种现象越轻易发生。调节阀在封闭过程中、阀瓣在回座过程中会碰伤和挤伤密封面，使密封表面局部磨损或产生压痕。介质的冲蚀，它是介质活动时对密封面磨损、冲洗、汽蚀的结果。介质在一定的速度下，介质中的浮游细粒抵触触犯密封面，使其造成局部损坏，高速活动的介质直接冲洗密封面，使其造成局部损坏，介质混流和局部汽化时，产气愤泡爆破冲击密封面表面，造成局部损坏。介质的冲蚀加之化学侵蚀交替作用，会强烈的浸蚀密封面。电化学侵蚀，密封面互相接触、密封面与封闭体和阀体的接触以及介质的浓度差、氧浓差等原因，都会产生电位差，发生电化学侵蚀，致使阳极一方的密封面被侵蚀。介质的化学侵蚀，密封面附近的介质在不产生电流的情况下，介质直接与密封面起化学作用，侵蚀密封面。安装不正和维修不力导致密封面工作不正常，阀门带病运转，过早地损坏了密封面。选型不当和操纵不良所引起的损坏。主要表现在没有按工况前提选用阀门，把截断阀当节流阀使用，导致封闭比压过大以及封闭过快或封闭不严，使密封面受到冲蚀和磨损。密封面加工质量不好，主要表现在密封面上有裂纹、气孔和夹碴等缺陷，是因为堆焊和热处理规范选用不当以及堆焊和热处理过程中操纵不良引起的，密封面硬渡过高或过低，是因为选材分歧错误或热处理不当引起的，密封面硬度不匀、不耐侵蚀，主要是因为在堆焊过程中将底层金属吹到上面来了，冲淡了密封面合金成分所引起的。当然，这里面也存在设计的题目。造成密封面损坏的原因，可归纳为如下几种。密封面损坏的原因有人为损坏和天然损坏两种。人为损坏，是因为设计不周、制造不精、选材不当、安装不正、使用不好和维修不力等因素引起的。天然损坏，是阀门正常工作情况下的磨损，是介质对密封面不可避免的侵蚀和冲蚀等造成的损坏。

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